People of the Revolutionary War | The Founding Fathers - An Overview | John Lansing, Jr.
John Lansing, Jr. (1754-1829) - New York
Image: Courtesy of Schaffer Library, Union College, Schenectady, NY
On January 30, 1754, John Lansing was born in Albany, NY, to Gerrit Jacob
and Jannetje Lansing. At age 21 Lansing had completed his study of the
law and was admitted to practice. In 1781 he married Cornelia Ray.
They had 10 children, 5 of whom died in infancy. Lansing was quite
wealthy; he owned a large estate at Lansingburg and had a lucrative
law practice.
From 1776 to 1777 Lansing acted as military
secretary to Gen. Philip Schuyler. From the military world Lansing
turned to the political and served six terms in the New York
Assembly--1780-84, 1786, and 1788. During the last two terms he was
speaker of the assembly. In the 2-year gap between his first four
terms in the assembly and the fifth, Lansing sat in the Confederation
Congress. He rounded out his public service by serving as Albany's
mayor between 1786 and 1790.
Lansing went to Philadelphia as part of the
New York delegation to the Constitutional
Convention. As the convention progressed, Lansing became
disillusioned because he believed it was exceeding its instructions.
Lansing believed the delegates had gathered together simply to amend
the Articles of Confederation
and was dismayed at the movement to write an entirely new
constitution. After 6 weeks, John Lansing and fellow New York delegate
Robert Yates left the convention and explained their departure in a
joint letter to New York Governor George Clinton. They stated that
they opposed any system that would consolidate the United States into
one government, and they had understood that the convention would not
consider any such consolidation. Furthermore, warned Lansing and
Yates, the kind of government recommended by the convention could not
"afford that security to equal and permanent liberty which we
wished to make an invariable object of our pursuit." In 1788, as
a member of the New York ratifying convention, Lansing again
vigorously opposed the Constitution.
Under the new federal government Lansing
pursued a long judicial career. In 1790 he began an 11-year term on
the supreme court of New York; from 1798 until 1801 he served as its
chief justice. Between 1801 and 1814 Lansing was chancellor of the
state. Retirement from that post did not slow him down; in 1817 he
accepted an appointment as a regent of the University of the State of
New York.
Lansing's death was the most mysterious of
all the delegates to the Constitutional Convention. While on a visit
to New York City in 1829, he left his hotel to post some letters. No
trace of him was ever found, and it was supposed that he had been
murdered.
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